MCQ Neurology Answer 26
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Definition of Dementia
Acquired decline in memory and in at least one other cognitive function (e.g., language, visual spatial, executive) sufficient to affect daily life in an alert person.
Dementia is a broad category of disorders that is broken down into subgroups based on the presumed etiology. Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia.
The cause of nerve cell death in Alzheimer’s disease is unknown. Inheritance plays some role:
- Five percent strongly inheritable (autosomal dominant).
- Twenty to 60% of patients may have a genetic vulnerability.
- There is no fool-proof genetic test for Alzheimer’s disease.
- Damage may result from accumulation of a toxic brain protein called amyloid.
Multi-infarct dementia (dementia due to atherosclerosis) may be misdiagnosed as Alzheimer's or found in addition to Alzheimer's disease. Since the difference cannot always be determined without brain biopsy and since there is little effective treatment for either condition, the distinction is mainly useful to researchers, not patients.
Category: Neurology MCQs
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