Which statement is FALSE?
A. Phospholipase A2 activation is a step in the generation of prostaglandins.
B. Protein Kinase C is activated by cAMP.
C. Phospholipase C action generates two second messengers.
D. There are many more neurotransmitters than known 2nd messenger pathways.
E. GTP and GDP are guanosine nucleotides.
Answer With Explanation
A 50-year-old physician is recovering from aseptic meningitis that began two weeks ago. He appears to have lost considerable cognitive function, and he says he will not go on living if his cognitive ability remains compromised. To demonstrate to him that recovery is occurring, serial evaluations with which of the following psychological assessments is indicated?
A. Halstead-Reitan Battery
B. Stanford Binet Intelligence Test
C. Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale
D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
E. Wide Range Achievement Test
Answer
A patient with ↑ ICP must be carefully monitored because:
- the pressure may become > cerebral perfusion pressure
- the ↑ ICP may compress the brainstem → greatly elevated BP
- brain tissue may be damaged by herniation under the falx or tentorium
- all of the above
AnswerTags:
MCQ, Neurology, ICP, Intra Cranial Pressure
Which of the following is true of dementia?
- Alzheimer's Disease is due to multiple small strokes in the cerebral cortex
- Dementia is the loss of distant memory
- Dementia due to atherosclerosis does not progress like Alzheimer’s
- Alzheimer's Disease is associated with an increase in ACh release in the cerebral cortex
Answer
Language disorders (aphasia) that may occur after a stroke:
- are due to dysfunction in the right temporal lobe
- only involve the understanding of words heard
- are usually the result of a CVA involving the middle cerebral artery
- are temporary
AnswerTags:
MCQ, Neurology, Stroke, aphasia
Risk factors for an embolic stroke are:
- immobility and venous thrombus formation
- berry aneurysm in the Circle of Willis
- atrial fibrillation
- hypertension
AnswerTags:
MCQ, Neurology, Embolic Stroke
A concussion is a brain injury that causes:
- small haemorrhages and some swelling of brain tissues
- momentary interruption of brain function with or without loss of consciousness
- tearing or shearing of brain structures
- bruising of the brain
Answer
A 68 year old woman has a 10 year history of Parkinson’s disease which ahs been treated with a combination of levodopa & benserazide 3 times a day & benztropine 3 times a day. During the last year she has experienced periods of mid rigidity ½ hour prior to the next dose of levodopa, but her overall mobility is reasonable. She now presents with a 1/12 history of increasing confusion & agitation, particularly at night. The most appropriate next option is :
Addition of bromocriptine & reduction in levodopa
Cease benztropine
Reduction in levodopa
Addition of haloperidol at night
Addition of selegiline & reduction of levodopa
Answer
What is the greatest independent risk factor for stroke?
Hypotension
Age
Smoking
Hypercholesterolaemia
Hypertension
Answer
An 85 year old patient is brought in by his son with increasing forgetfulness; general deterioration over 2-3
weeks with loss of weight. He was previously well & independent with no other medical problems. Physical examination ; CT head are normal. What is the best next step?
a. MRI
b. Thyroid function & B12 levels
c. EEG
d. Cognitive and psychometric testing
e. MMSE
Answer
SUB - ARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE
A. the majority of patients will die without warning.
B. peak age range is in the under 35 year old.
C. the majority of patients who have surgery achieve their previous quality of life.
D. the risk of epilepsy is increased following a haemorrhage.
Answer
Tags: MCQ, Neurology, Sub Arachnoid, Hemorrhage
An infarct causing mutism or dysfluency with little or no difficulty in verbal comprehension is likely to be secondary to occlusion of the :
a) Anterior Choroidal Artery
b) Anterior Cerebral Artery
c) Superior division of the MCA territory
d) Inferior division of the MCA territory
e) stem of the MCA territory
Answer
An infarct of the the inferior cerebellar peduncle is likely to be secondary to occlusion in the territory of the :
a) the Posterior Cerebral Artery
b) the Basilar Artery
c) The superior cerebellar artery
d) The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
e) The posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Answer
An infarct causes mild contralateral hemiparesis involving leg more than arm or face with more marked ataxia of the weak limbs . This infarct is likely to be secondary to occlusion in the territory of the :
a) the Posterior Cerebral Artery
b) deep penetrating lacunar artery
c) The superior cerebellar artery
d) The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
e) The posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Answer
An infarct causing spatial disorientation is likely to be secondary to occlusion in the territory of the:
a) the Posterior Cerebral Artery
b) the Basilar Artery
c) The superior cerebellar artery
d) The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
e) The posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Answer
An infarct causes sudden headache, confusion and dizziness, followed by a rapid progression through stupor to coma . This infarct is likely to be secondary to occlusion in the territory of the :
a) the Posterior Cerebral Artery
b) the Basilar Artery
c) The superior cerebellar artery
d) The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
e) The posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Answer
An infarct involves the reticular formation. This infarct is likely to be secondary to occlusion in the territory of the :
a) the Posterior Cerebral Artery
b) the Basilar Artery
c) The superior cerebellar artery
d) The anterior inferior cerebellar artery
e) The posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Answer
An infarct causing conduction aphasia is likely to be secondary to occlusion of the :
a) Anterior Choroidal Artery
b) Anterior Cerebral Artery
c) Superior division of the MCA territory
d) Inferior division of the MCA territory
e) stem of the MCA territory
Answer
An infarct causing limited infarction of the lateral aspect of the lateral geniculate body is likely to be secondary to occlusion of the :
a) Anterior Choroidal Artery
b) Anterior Cerebral Artery
c) Superior division of the MCA territory
d) Inferior division of the MCA territory
e) stem of the MCA territory
Answer
