Bile Acids and Its Biochemistry

The Correct answer is D

Bile excretion is normally 500-1000 ml/day

Bile is concentrated 5-10x via active absorption of electrolytes accompanied by passive movement of water

Cholecystokinin causes gallbladder contraction and release of stored bile into gut

Bile is critical for intestinal absorption of dietary fat, but the gallbladder is not

Bile is 2/3 bile salts, bicarbonate rich, has 3% organic solutes

Bile salts: cholates, chenodeoxycholates, deoxycholates, lithocholates, ursodeoxycholates; major hepatic products of cholesterol metabolism; a family of water-soluble sterols with carboxylated side chains; are highly effective detergents, solubilize water-insoluble lipids secreted by the liver (usually lecithin) into the biliary tree and promote dietary lipid absorption within the gut

Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine): hydrophobic, non-aqueous; has minimal solubility in water

95% of secreted bile salts is reabsorbed in ileum and returned to liver via portal blood, called enterohepatic circulation of bile salts

Cholesterol is eliminated by loss of 0.5 g of bile salts per day

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