Contraindications for Laryngeal Mask Airway

The correct answer is B

Explanation

The Laryngeal Mask Airway is an alternative airway device used for anesthesia and airway support. It consists of an inflatable silicone mask and rubber connecting tube. It is inserted blindly into the pharynx, forming a low-pressure seal around the laryngeal inlet and permitting gentle positive pressure ventilation. All parts are latex-free.

The Laryngeal Mask Airway is an appropriate airway choice when mask ventilation can be used but endotracheal intubation is not necessary.

Contraindications:
Non-fasted patients
Morbidly obese patients
Obstructive or abnormal lesions of the oropharynx

Advantages:
Allows rapid access
Does not require laryngoscope
Relaxants not needed
Provides airway for spontaneous or controlled ventilation
Tolerated at lighter anesthetic planes

Disadvantages:
Does not fully protect against aspiration in the non-fasted patient
Standard LMA does not allow high positive pressure ventilation
Requires re-sterilization
Special Features:
May be used as a rescue airway and fiberoptic conduit when intubation is difficult, hazardous or unsuccessful
It can be used for bronchoscopy in the awake or asleep patient

The laryngeal mask airway was designed as a new concept in airway management and has been gaining a firm position in anaesthetic practice. Despite widespread use, the definitive role of the laryngeal mask has yet to be established. In some situations, such as after failed tracheal intubation or in anaesthesia for patients undergoing laparoscopic or oral surgery, its use is controversial. There are a number of unresolved issues, for example the effect of the laryngeal mask on regurgitation and whether or not cricoid pressure prevents placement of the mask. The laryngeal mask may be used in circumstances other than airway maintenance during anaesthesia: fibreoptic bronchoscopy, tracheal intubation through the mask and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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