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DAlcohol is responsible for about 30% of all cases of acute pancreatitis. The amount of alcohol required to induce clinically acute pancreatitis is controversial. Sarles suggests that an average intake of 80g of alcohol needs to be taken daily for 5 to 15 years before 1st attack. Acute attacks may occur with lesser, intermittent consumption (ie weekend binging).
Gallstones are the leading cause of acute pancreatitis in most series (30-60%), however only 3-8% of patients with symptomatic cholethiasis will develop acute pancreatitis.
The cause of AP in about 1.3-3.8% of cases. Hyperlipidaemia types 1,4 or 5 cause pancreatitis; is generally associated with serum triglyceride levels > 1000mg/dl.
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