141 MCQs in Pathology Answer

• geographic differences in the incidence- 10 times higher in Japan than in the U.S. for example- environmental factors play role
• precancerous lesions for gastric carcinoma include:
• chronic atrophic gastritis with dysplasia- its association with PA
• adenomatous polyps with dysplasia
• chronic peptic ulcers

• early cancer- =gastric carcinoma restricted to the mucosa and submucosa
• recognized in Japan- diagnosis by endoscopic examination and biopsy
• advanced gastric cancer- =gastric carcinoma that invades the gastric wall-presents as- endoscopic gross morphology:
• fungating mass that protrudes into the lumen- polypoid
• as a malignant ulceration with raised edges
• as an ulcer resembling the peptic ulcer
• as a diffusely infiltrating lesion that causes diffuse thickening of the gastric wall

• all gastric carcinomas are adenocarcinomas of varying degree of differentiation
• the most common -poorly differentiated so called diffuse carcinoma of signet-ring cell type
• well differentiated carcinoma resembling the tubular adenocarcinoma of the intestine is less common = intestinal type of gastric cancer

• gastric carcinoma is locally aggressive- rapidly spreads through the whole wall of the stomach
  
• lymphatic spread- rapid,
  
• lymph node metastases -spread along the surfaces of the peritoneum
  
• bloodstream spread- to the liver and lungs

• Early gastric cancer- 5-year survival rate of 85%
• Advanced cancer- only 30%

Category: Pathology MCQs