Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

The Answer is A. Cigarette smoking


Breast cancer is the lead diagnosis in women and the 2^nd leading cause of cancer death


Demographics: Gender + Age (Lifetime risk for women is 1/8 (1/50 by 50))
Reproductive: Early Menarche, Late Menopause, Late 1^st pregnancy, No Lactation
Environmental: Radiation (especially during adolescence)
Lifestyle: Obesity, 2+drinks a day, lack of physical activity, sometimes tobacco
End. H: Post menopausal obesity (b/c adrenals still make androgens, à E2 by aromatase in fat), ↑bone density
Exo. H: Hormone Replacement Therapy, Very small reversible risk from oral contraceptives
Pathology: Atypical ductal/lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ
Inherited: Family history, major inherited susceptibility, DNA repair defects

5-10% is hereditary: 20-40% from BRCA1, also BRCA2, TP53, PTN, etc.

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