Metabolism of Toxins

Option A

Once absorbed substances undergo chemical transformation as a result of enzymatic
action. Although natural products are metabolized anywhere in the body, foreign
substances are metabolized mainly in the liver but can also be metabolized in the lung,brain, kidney, skin and intestines. These enzymatic reactions can occur through four different mechanisms: oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and synthetic conjugation.

The cytochrome P450 mechanism is the most important group of oxidative enzymes.
Through the use of monooxygenases, oxygen atoms are introduced into the substance,
thus, altering its chemical composition. Conjugation reactions join two substances
together with the resultant substrate having different characteristics making it more easily extractable.

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