During development, the formation of the kidney is induced by which of the following structures?
A. Allantois
B. Mesonephric duct
C. Mesonephros
D. Metanephric duct
E. Urogenital ridge
Answer
Autopsy of a baby who died minutes after birth demonstrates intestines within the thoracic cavity. Which of the following most probably accounts for these findings?
A. Heterotopia
B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
C. Large sliding hernia
D. Maldevelopment of the lungs
E. Partial absence of the diaphragm
Answer
A newborn infant has some of its abdominal viscera protruding through a defect in the abdominal wall. Which of the following is the likely cause of this defect?
A. Failure of the intestinal loop to retract from the umbilical cord
B. Failure of the yolk stalk to degenerate
C. Failure of peritoneal fusion
D. Incomplete fusion of the lateral body folds
E. Umbilical herniation
Answer
A newborn baby has projectile vomiting shortly after each feeding. It is determined that there is obstruction of the digestive tract as a result of an annular pancreas. Annular pancreas is a result of an abnormality in which of the following processes?
A. Rotation of the dorsal pancreatic bud around the first part of the duodenum
B. Rotation of the dorsal pancreatic bud around the second part of the duodenum
C. Rotation of the dorsal pancreatic bud around the third part of the duodenum
D. Rotation of the ventral pancreatic bud around the first part of the duodenum
E. Rotation of the ventral pancreatic bud around the second part of the duodenum
Answer
A PSA level is drawn from a 54-year-old man as part of a routine health evaluation. Which of the following embryonic structures gives rise to the organ being screened for carcinoma?
A. Genital tubercle
B. Processus vaginalis
C. Testis cords
D. Tunica albuginea
E. Urogenital sinus
Answer
