MCQ Pediatrics Answer 4

Henoch-Schonlein purpura mainly affects the arterioles and capillaries, with peak incidence between 4 and 11 years of age, although adults may also be affected. The syndrome occurs most often in spring, following a viral upper respiratory infection. Other inciting agents associated with HSP include insect stings and drugs.

The rash is accompanied by arthralgias of the lower extremities, most commonly the ankles, with swollen tender joints. Frank arthritis is usually absent. Gastrointestinal complaints, seen in 70% of patients, include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, associated with blood and mucus per rectum.

Renal involvement occurs in 50% of patients with hematuria and red-cell casts; however, it rarely progresses to renal failure. Nervous system involvement is rare, especially in children. The syndrome is relapsing and remitting over several weeks.

The immune complex deposition is IgA, with antigens to drugs, infectious agents, foods, insect bites, and immunizations implicated in the pathogenesis.

Category: Pediatrics MCQs